Concrete stave



6, 1935. s. G. MARTIN 2,010,406

CONCRETE STAVE Filed Jan. 28, 1935 Patented Aug. 6, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT] other:

zgoionoc CONCRETE STAVE Sidney G. Martin, Chicago, e Application January 28, 1932, Serial no. 654,026

.3 Claims. (01. s1-41)f The invention relates to improvements in concrete construction and more particularly to a novel form of lagging of precast concrete de-.

signed to have interfitting engagement when a 5 number of the units are associated in the proper 'manner to comprise, as for example, drical, conical or flat member.

The lagging or stave'bf the invention has been designed for universal application insofar as concrete construction work is concerned, having utility in caisson construction by providinga concrete lining as a substitute for the usual Wood lining and having utility in the building of arches, subways and sewers by reason of its novel shape which provides an interlock with the later placed concrete. Further application of the present stave lies in concrete restoration of bridge abutments and piers and also in flat concrete work such as providing sheathing for vertical or inclined walls, facing for solid wall structures and in forming surfaces for walks, runways or platforms in which latter case the staves can be fitted to precast supporting members or interlocked with later placed concrete in a manner as suggested with respect to caisson work.

Therefore, one of the objects of the invention is to provide a novel form of stave which can be precast and which will result in a considerable saving in the amount of later placed concrete, as the staves when assembled provide a form for the poured concrete and in addition look therewith, becoming part of the unit.

A further object is to provide a stave of precast concrete that can be reinforced if desired a cylin- D and which when used as a lining for caissons,

wells, cisterns, mine shafts and the like results in a reduction in the excavation required and in a direct saving in the material for forming the members.

In accordance with the invention, the lagging or stave viewed in cross section consists of a flange having on one face a projecting stem of a. greater width at its outer end than at the junction with the flange, the particular shape of the stem serving to interlock with the later filled in concrete to additionally strengthen the completed structure.

A further object resides in the provision of a stave as described above which can be detachably interlocked with a precast supporting member for providing surfaces for walks, platforms and the like and which will also be adaptable as a surfacing or lining for that type of construction work where the surfacing or lining becomes an integral part of the completed unit.

With these and various other objects in view, the invention may consist of certainnovel features of construction and operation, as will be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the specification, drawing and claims ap- 5 pended hereto. I i I i In the drawing which illustrates an embodiment of the device and wherein like reference characters are used-to designate like parts- Figure 1 is a top plan view of a completed con- 10 crete caisson or foundation pier embodying the stave of the invention; A

Figure 2 is an elevational' view of a'cylindrical member such as provides the caisson for the structure of Figure 1, a sectionbeing broken away 15 to show the interior; i

a Figure 3 is a top plan'view of half of a cistern or well constructed'with the staves of the invention; V

Figure 4 is a sectional view showing the stave 0 of the invention and the manner of reinforcing the same. I

In Figures 1 and 2 the invention is shown embodied in a. concrete pier of the type commonly employed for foundation work and which requires that the ground be first excavated to form a well several feet deep which is then lined with staves securely held in place by metal rings.

In lining the excavation according to the present invention the staves are located in contact with the vertical wall and adjacent each other to form a cylindrical member such as illustrated by Figure 2. More particularly, according to the invention, the staves designated in their entirety by II] have a flange H provided with a 5 centrally positioned stem portion 12 of increasing width in a direction away from the flange, which on its opposite face contacts with the earth while the stem portions are directed inwardly for engagement by the bracing metal rings l3. By means of the longitudinal projecting portions l4 and recesses l5 provided on the edges of the flange portions the staves interfit with adjacent units. After the excavation has been lined with a cylindrical or other shaped member formed of the precast concrete staves above described the well is then dug to a lower depth and the same process is repeated until rock or suitable foundation is encountered. To complete the pier the well is filled with plastic concrete I 6 and by reason of the particular cross sectional shape of the stem portions 12 the latter and the plastic concrete are securely united, the staves, in fact, interlocking with the concrete, making an in- 5 tegral unit, adding to the strength of the completed pier.

In Figure 3 a well or cistern is shown constructed with the present form of stave and wherein the staves when assembled with their edges interfitting and the face of the flange in contact with the earth are held in place against the earth by means of the metal ring I! or other retaining member in a manner similar to the caisson structure described. The lining of the well or cistern is then completed by later placed concrete or mortar I 8 applied to a thickness such as will fill the spaces between the stem portions of the staves and preferably cover the metal ring I! whereby the same will not be subjected to a the deteriorating effects of the air and water. This later placed concrete interlocks with the staves, resulting in an integral unit. I

Fro-m the foregoing it will be appreciated that the use of the present form of stave in certain concrete construction work results in a number of important and desirable features obtained directly from the cross-sectionalform contemplated. With respect to the caisson of Figures 1 and 2 it will be seen that the structure is fireproof throughout and able to resist deterioration from any cause, whereas, in prior constructions the wooden staves used disintegrated in time. Also, the present form of concrete staves bond with the poured concrete so that the completed pier is of a diameter extending to the outer circumference of the cylindrical member. This was not the case in prior structures as the wooden form used did not become part of the pier and had no utility other than supporting the earth wall prior to pouring the concrete.

In constructing a cistern or well by using the present stave the same desirable features above outlined are also secured. When it is necessary to reinforce the cylindrical or conical members formed by the staves through the use of bracing rings such as l3 and I1, Figures 1, 2 and 3, a considerable saving in the amount of metal required is secured as the stems reduce the interior diameter of the member, in addition to providing means to which the rings can be secured in those instances where it is required that the rings be shown, which is merely by way of illustration and not limitation, as various and other forms of the device will of course be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. In construction work of the character defined, a plurality of precast concrete staves assembled to form a cylindrical member, each stave having a facing portion and a stem portion directed inwardly of the member, and an internal ring engaging the stems of the staves for holding the units in place.

2. In construction work of the character defined, a plurality of precast concrete staves assembled to form a cylindrical member, each stave having a facing portion and a stem portion directed inwardly of the member, an internal ring engaging the stems of the staves for holding the units in place, and said stem portions interlocking with the later placed concrete which fills the member to form an integral unit.

3. In a caisson, a plurality of precast concrete staves assembled to form a construction unit, said staves having a flange and a stem centrally of the flange directed inwardly of the unit, means along the edges of the flange for interfitting each 40 stave with its adjacent stave, said stem portions on adjacent staves forming longitudinal spaces interiorly of the unit, and said spaces being filled with later placed concrete to interlock the staves therewith.

SIDNEY G. MARTIN. 

